Questionnaires used by clinicians at the Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma

On this section of our website you will find questionnaires for clinical use. Most of these questionnaires were produced by our own group and we are happy for people to use these questionnaires (unmodified) for day to day clinical practice. We are also happy for people to use the questionnaires for research purposes provided that they are correctly attributed. A small number of these questionnaires have been taken from or adapted from the work of other people with their permission; these are indicated in the text accompanying the specific scale. For each questionnaire we will give a general indication of what the questionnaire is used for, how and when they are used and how they are scored.

OCD questionnaires

The Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (OCI) was devised as a collaborative effort between our team and Edna Foa’s team, then at Temple University, now at University of Pennsylvania. The version used here is the one used in our clinic, which is the distress only version. It is scored according to both subscales and totals; the subscales, when combined will give the same figure as the total. The subscales are: Washing, Checking, Doubting, Ordering, Obsessions, Hoarding and Neutralising.

Reference: Foa, E.B., Kozak, M.J., Salkovskis, P.M., Coles, M.E. & Amir, N. (1998) The validation of a new obsessive compulsive disorder scale: The Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (OCI) Psychological Assessment Vol. 10 206-214.

Download the Obsessive Compulsive Inventory

Download the OCI scoring grid. Type in the answers selected by your clients on the OCI questionnaire to receive their Obsessive Compulsive Inventory scores.

The Responsibility Attitudes Questionnaire (RAS) is a responsibility assumptions scale. This is a general belief measure linked to responsibility assumptions characteristic of obsessive compulsive disorder. It is scored according to a total. Scores run from 1-7. Note that 1 is totally disagree (left-hand side of the scale) and 7 is totally agree (right hand side of scale).

This scale is referred to and norms provided in Salkovskis, P.M., Wroe, A.L., Gledhill, A., Morrison, N., Forrester, E., Richards, C., Reynolds, M., Thorpe, S., (2000) Responsibility attitudes and interpretations are characteristic of obsessive compulsive disorder Behaviour Research and Therapy Vol 38, 347-372.

Download the Responsibility Attitudes Questionnaire

The Responsibility Interpretations Questionnaire (RIQ) is a measure of the way people interpret intrusive thoughts. Patients or others are asked to identify intrusions on the first sheet and then rate their frequency and degree of belief. Frequency has two subscales; the total of negative interpretations and the total of positive interpretations. Belief ratings are totalled and then divided by the number of items to provide average belief in negative ideas and average belief in positive ideas.

Download the Responsibility Interpretations Questionnaire

The Client Ratings questionnaire. Client ratings are semi-idiographic in the first part where standard obsessional thoughts and compulsions are identified and used in all subsequent versions of the scale with a particular patient. This means that the therapist or assessor needs to insert these after the first completion. Individual items are used to track distress and disability across a range of domains. This instrument is primarily used to assess progress and treatment.

Download the Client Ratings Questionnaire

Download the Blue print for OCD

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Panic and Agoraphobia questionnaires

The Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire (ACQ) - this is a modified version of Dianne Chambless’ agoraphobic cognitions questionnaire. Many thanks to Dianne who kindly gave permission for us to modify it in the first place and to post the modified version here. On the left-hand side the frequency of each of the cognitions is totalled to provide a frequency score. On the right-hand side belief ratings are totalled in the same way.

Download the Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire

The Body Sensations Questionnaire is also from Dianne Chambless and is totalled.

Download the Body Sensations Questionnaire

The Behaviours Questionnaire - the first section of the behaviour scale identifies safety-seeking behaviours frequently reported by panic patients. It is scored as a total with “never” scoring 0, “sometimes” 1, “often” 2, “always” 3. As a clinically used instrument the clinician may wish to look at individual items to identify those safety-seeking behaviours engaged in by a patient. It can be totalled across this section.

The second part of this scale incorporates parts of the Marks & Matthews scale but is scaled on a 0 – 3 basis. Blood injury subscale is obtained by totalling item 5, item 7, item 13, item 16 and item 19. The social phobia scale is obtained by totalling items 6, 10, 12, 14 and 17. The agoraphobia items are number 8, 9, 11, 15 and 18. Items 1, 2, 3, 4, 20 and 21 form a miscellaneous subscale.

Download the Behaviours Questionnaire

The Mobility Inventory is a version of the Chambless mobility inventory and is scored on the basis of total ratings for being alone and being with other people.

Download the Mobility Inventory

The panic rating scales are simple ratings of panic frequency and intensity and other mood ratings. These are scored as individual items.

Download the Panic Rating Scale

The panic diary is the diary that was used in treatment trials (Clark et al.1994; Clark et al. 1999). There are three versions. The first version is a recording only version which identifies date, situation, frequency of panic attacks and the specific symptoms experienced in each panic attack. Panic severity is also rated as a 0 – 100 rating. This version is used simply to assess the frequency of panics and allow these to be validated against the DSM-IV criteria in terms of number of symptoms.

The second version asks patients to identify the main bodily sensation and how they interpreted that. The third version also includes a response to the catastrophic misinterpretation made. These later versions allow continued monitoring of panic together with the incorporation of work being carried out as part of cognitive therapy.

Download Panic Diary (1) and Panic Diary (2)

Download the Blue print for panic disorder

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Health Anxiety questionnaires

The health anxiety inventory was described and published in Psychological Medicine in 2002. Reference - Salkovskis, P.M., Rimes, K.A., Warwick, H.M.C. & Clark, D.M (2002) The Health Anxiety Inventory: development and validation of scales for the measurement of health anxiety and hypochondriasis. Psychological Medicine, Vol. 32, 843-853.

There are two referents; these are referred to here as the “week” and “month” versions. The month versions are used as screening instruments and ask for ratings of how the person has been over the last six months. This period is chosen because six months is the period used by DSM-IV for the diagnosis of hypochondriasis.

There are four sections in the health anxiety inventory. The main section is composed of symptoms of health anxiety (hypochondriasis). The second section comprises questions about people’s attitudes to how awful it would be if they were to develop a particular illness. This is scored separately and is regarded as a treatment process measure. Ratings of avoidance and reassurance seeking are also included. The Health Anxiety Inventory main section is scored on a 0 – 3 basis and the section total is used. For the short version this is the first 14 questions. Four questions regarding awfulness are then totalled separately. Reassurance and avoidance seeking are simply totalled but the “other” items in each is not included in the total.

The short version is the version most commonly used for clinical purposes with the long version being for specific research purposes with subscales being available. The “week” version is, of course, more sensitive to treatment changes and is used as a treatment outcome measure.

Download versions of the Health Anxiety Inventory:

HAI short week, HAI long week, HAI short month, HAI long month

Beliefs questionnaire

RCQ

Illness attitudes questionnaire

For further information on Health Anxiety please visit the Health Anxiety, Pain and Insomnia website.

Presentation on CBT for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Health Anxiety

To view Professor Salkovskis' presentation at this year's BABCP conference please click here

Body image questionnaires

Cosmetic Procedure Screening (COPS) - The COPS is a questionnaire designed as a screening measure for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) for cosmetic settings and as a measure of severity.

The COPS comprises of 9 items. Items are scored from 0 (least impaired) to 8 (most impaired). The score is achieved by summing Q 2-10. Items 2, 3 and 5 are reversed. The total scores range from 0 to 72 with a higher score reflecting greater impairment and likelihood of a diagnosis of BDD. Individuals who score 40 or more should be referred for further assessment. In our service, we refer to the COPS as a Body Image Questionnaire.

Download the COPS

Veale, D., Ellison, N., Werner, T. G., Dodhia, R., Serfaty, M. & Clarke, A. Development of a Cosmetic Procedure Screening Questionnaire (COPS) for Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery (2011), doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2011.09.007

The Body Image Questionnaire (BIQ) is virtually identical to the COPS but has slightly different wording in the introduction. It is used in our clinic as part of our routine assessment for symptoms in BDD and as an outcome measure. For screening purposes items are identical to the COPS. Each item is scored from zero 0 (impaired) to 8 (most impaired). The score is achieved by summing Q8-19 (nb: only 18a & 19a should be used) although items 8, 9 and 11 are reversed. The total scores range from 0 to 96 with a higher score reflecting greater impairment and likelihood of a diagnosis of BDD. Question 20 and 21 are part of a clinical assessment of avoidance and safety seeking behaviours. The last question covers any past cosmetic procedures that people may have had. Please note, questions are identical in the BIQ follow up but the item numbers are different so scores are achieved by summing Q3-Q14 (nb: only 13a & 14a) and reversing items 3, 4 and 6.

Download the BIQ and the BIQ follow up

The Body Image Questionnaire (BIQ) Child and Adolescent Version is virtually identical to the adult BIQ but has slightly different wording and the item on interference in sexual relationships has been replaced with an item on family relationships. Although the BIQ has not yet been validated in children and adolescents we recommend that this version is used for patients aged 17 or under as part of assessment for symptoms in BDD and as an outcome measure. For screening purposes items are identical to the BIQ adults. They score from 0 (least impaired) to 8 (most impaired). The score is achieved by summing Q3-14 although items 3, 4 and 6 are reversed. The total scores range from 0 to 96 with a higher score reflecting greater impairment and likelihood of a diagnosis of BDD. The cut off score for probable BDD remains to be determined but is 59 in adults.

Download the BIQ Child and Adolescent Version

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Power point slides from David Veale's and Fugen Neziroglu's workshop on BDD given at the WCBCT in Boston 2010

Please click here to download the presentation.

Specific phobia of vomiting questionnaires

The Specific Phobia of Vomiting Inventory (SPOVI) is a 15-item self-report scale which focuses on the cognitive and behavioural processes that occur in a specific phobia of vomiting. The questions are answered in a Likert scale from 0 (not at all) to 4 (all the time). The SPOVI can be used as an outcome measure and for case tracking during treatment. The validation of the SPOVI is currently in submission.

Download the SPOVI

Emetophobia Questionnaire (EmetQ) is a 21-item scale developed by Mark Boschen which is answered on a Likert-scale from 1 (=‘strongly disagree’) to 5 (=‘strongly agree’). It can be used as an outcome measure. The EmetQ has 4 stable factors and shows good internal consistency and validity. The questionnaire contains items on various aspects of emetophobia, such as worrying about vomiting, bodily sensations, fear of vomiting (e.g., ‘I am afraid of becoming nauseous.’), the avoidance of vomit-related situations (e.g., ‘I avoid being around people who look as if they may be sick.’), and the consequences of emetophobia in daily life. The EmetQ is currently being validated but has been presented at conferences.

Download the EmetQ
Boschen, M. J. & Riddell, T. (2005) Emetophobia Questionnaire (EmetQ). (Unpublished)

Fear of Vomiting Questionnaire (FOV) is a self report questionnaire devised by David Veale which is used for clinicians to provide a comprehensive assessment of the beliefs, safety and avoidance behaviours, degree of handicap associated with SPOV caused and avoidance behaviours adopted. Some of the items are adapted from standard questionnaires (e.g. assessment of safety seeking behaviours in panic). Some of the items may be used after treatment to assess outcome. The questionnaire was used in the published surveys of SPOV.

Download the FOV and the FOV follow up

Veale, D. and Lambrou, C. (2006). The psychopathology of vomit phobia. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy,34 (2) 139-150

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